NFS setup in Fedora16

To Setup nfs Network File System (NFS) follow the following steps.

Need to edit file like below

#vi /etc/exports

/home/ramank *(rw,sync)


Save the file.

Or you can perform above step by system-config-nfs (gui)

[root@raman ~]# yum install system-config-nfs.noarch

Running Transaction
Installing : system-config-nfs-1.3.51-2.fc15.noarch 1/1

Installed:
system-config-nfs.noarch 0:1.3.51-2.fc15



Now here is catch in fedora 16.

Service name changed in fedora 16.

1st enable the service and then start like below.


[root@raman systemd]# systemctl enable nfs-server.service
ln -s '/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nfs-server.service'


[root@raman systemd]# systemctl start nfs-server.service



[root@raman ~]# showmount -e 10.131.11.199
Export list for 10.131.11.199:
/home/ramank *



enjoy with your NFS.


Raman

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Install JBoss 6 Application server on RedHat 5

Download form here

http://www.jboss.org/jbossas/downloads/

jboss-as-distribution-6.1.0.Final.zip

[root@localhost Desktop]# cp jboss-as-distribution-6.1.0.Final.zip /usr/share/


[root@localhost Desktop]# cd /usr/share/

[root@localhost share]# unzip jboss-as-distribution-6.1.0.Final.zip

now here you can see dir with name jboss-6.1.0.Final

####Now create jboss user & group

[root@localhost share]# groupadd jboss


[root@localhost share]# useradd -s /bin/bash -g jboss jboss


###Give ownership to jboss user to manage

[root@localhost share]# chown -R jboss:jboss jboss-6.1.0.Final


Now set bash profile for jboss.

[root@localhost jboss-6.1.0.Final]# su - jboss

[jboss@localhost ~]$ ls

[jboss@localhost ~]$ vi .bash_profile

export PATH
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_01
export JAVA_HOME
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH
JBOSS_HOME=/usr/share/jboss-6.1.0.Final
export JBOSS_HOME

save the file and execute

[jboss@localhost ~]$ . .bash_profile


To test bash profile setting, run following command.

[jboss@localhost ~]$ echo $JAVA_HOME
/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_01

[jboss@localhost ~]$ echo $JBOSS_HOME
/usr/share/jboss-6.1.0.Final


Service script for JBoss i.e Stop/start/restart.

[root@localhost bin]# pwd
/usr/share/jboss-6.1.0.Final/bin

[root@localhost bin]# cp jboss_init_redhat.sh /etc/init.d/jboss

Now edit this file.

18 JBOSS_HOME=${JBOSS_HOME:-"/usr/share/jboss-6.1.0.Final"}

23 #make sure java is in your path
24 JAVAPTH=${JAVAPTH:-"/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_01"}

29 #if JBOSS_HOST specified, use -b to bind jboss services to that address
30 JBOSS_HOST="0.0.0.0"
31 JBOSS_BIND_ADDR=${JBOSS_HOST:+"-b $JBOSS_HOST"}

Note :- HOST 0.0.0.0 mean allow JBoss to bind to any IP.


Now run JBoss service.

[root@localhost bin]# cd /etc/init.d/

[root@localhost init.d]# chmod 755 jboss


[root@localhost init.d]# /etc/init.d/jboss start
JBOSS_CMD_START = cd /usr/share/jboss-6.1.0.Final/bin; /usr/share/jboss-6.1.0.Final/bin/run.sh -c default -b 0.0.0.0


Make sure Jboss service start

try in browser.

http://systemip:8080

Default username-password admin/admin.

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Update Java in RedHat 5.5 /RHEL

Step to update update in Rehdat 5.5 32 bit.

1) Check current Java verison.

[root@localhost ~]# java --version
java version "1.4.2"
gij (GNU libgcj) version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-48)

Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.


2) Default Java package in RedHat is

java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-1.4.2.0-40jpp.115



Download latest JDK.

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk-7u1-download-513651.html

Pkg name :- jdk-7u1-linux-i586.rpm


Install the pkg

#rpm -Uvh jdk-7u1-linux-i586.rpm


Then just create symbolic link which point to new java installation.


[root@localhost bin]# ln -s /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_01/bin/java /usr/bin/java

Now test your Java version.


[root@localhost bin]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_01"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_01-b08)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 21.1-b02, mixed mode, sharing)


That all,now next post Installing JBoss.

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Reconstruct initrd.img

[root@localhost video]# mkdir /cdiso

[root@localhost video]# cp -av /media/Fedora\ 15\ i386\ DVD* /cdiso/

[root@localhost cdiso]# mkdir /initimg

[root@localhost nouveau]# ls -lSh
total 224K
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 221K Nov 18 15:18 nouveau.ko.gz

[root@localhost nouveau]# gunzip nouveau.ko.gz
[root@localhost nouveau]# ls
nouveau.ko
[root@localhost nouveau]# ls -ltrh
total 564K



[root@localhost pxeboot]# ls
initrd.img initrd-PAE.img TRANS.TBL vmlinuz vmlinuz-PAE

[root@localhost pxeboot]# cp initrd.img /initimg/

[root@localhost initimg]# cp /cdiso/Fedora\ 15\ i386\ DVD/isolinux/initrd.img .

[root@localhost initimg]# ls -lSh
total 94M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 94M Nov 18 15:18 initrd.img
[root@localhost initimg]# xz -d -c initrd.img | cpio -i --make-directories
720557 blocks

[root@localhost initimg]# ls
bin etc init lib proc run selinux tmp var
dev firmware initrd.img modules root sbin sys usr


[root@localhost initimg]# find ./ | cpio --create --format='newc' > initrd.cpio
cpio: File ./initrd.cpio grew, 328701952 new bytes not copied
1363238 blocks

[root@localhost initimg]# ls
bin etc init lib proc run selinux tmp var
dev firmware initrd.cpio modules root sbin sys usr

[root@localhost initimg]# gzip initrd.cpio

[root@localhost initimg]# ls
bin etc init lib proc run selinux tmp var
dev firmware initrd.cpio.gz modules root sbin sys usr

[root@localhost initimg]# mv initrd.cpio.gz initrd.img

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Dell Latitude E6420 Ethernet working

I test this on Dell Latitude E6420 with Ubuntu9.04 (Desktop)

After Installation found Ethernet not working, even ifconfig shows only lo (loop back device).

So for that run following command.

#lspci -nn

Ethernet controller [0200]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:1502]

After google, found this page.

http://www.ubuntu.com/certification/catalog/component/pci:1502:8086-NETWORK

Then i download driver from Intel site.

http://downloadcenter.intel.com/

Then search for 82579 under Linux section


Network Adapter Driver for PCI-​E Gigabit Network Connections under Linux*

The e1000e Linux* stable base driver for the Intel® PCI-Express* gigabit ethernet adapters/connections.

OS: Linux*

http://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?agr=Y&DwnldID=15817&lang=eng&OSVersion=Linux*&DownloadType=%0ADrivers%0A


Download following driver.

e1000e-1.6.3.tar.gz


And install.

#tar -xvzf e1000e-1.6.3.tar.gz

#cd e1000e-1.6.3/src/

Under this dir use following command for Installation.

make install

take hardly 2 min for installation.

Reboot your machine... finally your Ethernet working.

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FAT32 or NTFS - which is the best ?

Which File System to Choose?
 Fat32 or NTFS which is better? NTFS or Fat32 which is faster ? Fat32 or NTFS for Windows 7 (seven), Windows Vista, Windows XP ? NTFS or Fat32 for usb ?

As much as everyone would like for there to be a stock answer to the selection question, there isn't. Different situations and needs will play a large role in the decision of which file system to adopt. 
There isn't any argument that NTFS offers better security and reliability.
Some also say that NTFS is more flexible, but that can get rather subjective depending on the situation and work habits, whereas NTFS superiority in security and reliability is seldom challenged. 

• Security 

  FAT32 provides very little security. A user with access to a drive using FAT32 has access to the files on that drive. NTFS allows the use of NTFS Permissions. It's much more difficult to implement, but folder and file access can be controlled individually, down to an an extreme degree if necessary. The down side of using NTFS Permissions is the chance for error and screwing up the system is greatly magnified.

  Windows XP Professional supports file encryption.

• Compatibility

  NTFS volumes are not recognized by Windows 95/98/Me. This is only a concern when the system is set up for dual or multi-booting. FAT32 must be be used for any drives that must be accessed when the computer is booted from Windows 95/98 or Windows Me.
  An additional note to the previous statement. Users on the network have access to shared folders no matter what disk format is being used or what version of Windows is installed.
  FAT and FAT32 volumes can be converted to NTFS volumes. NTFS cannot be converted to FAT32 without reformatting.

• Space Efficiency

  NTFS supports disk quotas, allowing you to control the amount of disk usage on a per user basis.
  NTFS supports file compression. FAT32 does not.
  How a volume manages data is outside the scope of this article, but once you pass the 8GB partition size, NTFS handles space management much more efficiently than FAT32. Cluster sizes play an important part in how much disk space is wasted storing files. NTFS provides smaller cluster sizes and less disk space waste than FAT32.
  In Windows XP, the maximum partition size that can be created using FAT32 is 32GB. This increases to 16TB (terabytes) using NTFS. There is a workaround for the 32GB limitation under FAT32, but it is a nuisance especially considering the size of drives currently being manufactured.
  

• Reliability

  FAT32 drives are much more susceptible to disk errors.
  NTFS volumes have the ability to recover from errors more readily than similar FAT32 volumes.
  Log files are created under NTFS which can be used for automatic file system repairs.
  NTFS supports dynamic cluster remapping for bad sectors and prevent them from being used in the future. 
  
  
  ** Conclusion ** 
  
  
  Advise : is better to choose NTFS system especially if you are using the lastest Windows versions XP / Vista / 7(Seven). 

  Format a USB Drive as NTFS in Windows XP
  

   -- If you are a Windows XP user, remember that, Windows XP does have the ability to format drives with the NTFS file system, but you wouldn't know it by looking at the format dialog—normally the option is disabled. To enable it, open up Device Manager and find your USB drive, go to the Properties -> Policies tab and then choose "Optimize for performance". 

  Once you've done this, you'll see the NTFS option in the format dialog. 
  In Windows 7 the option is enabled by default so you dont have to worry about it. 
  
  
  When you change your hard drive or usb file system from FAT32 to NTFS, i recommend to format it as NTFS choosing the normal option instead of Quick NTFS Format. 
  
  
  Thank you for reading Airtech blog and dont hesitate to leave me your feedback in comments area or on Facebook , Twitter. 
  Special thanks to : http://www.theeldergeek.com/ 

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The BIOS in this system is not fully ACPI compliant

The ACPI Bios in this system is not fully compliant to the specification. Please read the readme.txt for possible workarounds, or contact your system vendor for an updated bios.

The bios in this system is not fully ACPI compliant. Please contact your system vendor for an updated bios. If you are unable to obtain an updated bios or the latest bios supplied by your vendor is not ACPI compliant, you can turn off ACPI mode during text mode setup. To do this, simply press the F7 key when you are prompted to install storage drivers. The system will not notify you that the F7 key was pressed - it will silently disable ACPI and allow you to continue your installation." 

This behavior can occur if Windows has detected that the BIOS in the computer is not fully Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) compliant. 

This is a very delicate problem and it will cause a little headache especially if you are a newbie in working with a pc. In the following I will present you two of the solutions to this problem .

1 - This method can be done in 2 ways.

Safest way to do it ? You will need a bootable Windows XP sp2/sp3 cd. You can find and download free Windows XP almost everywhere on the internet. (if you cant find it just leave a comment and i will provide you a free link). Burn the image on a CD, I recommend to use gBurner is the most simple to use CD/DVD burner on the net. After that: 

-- Reboot the computer to boot cd. If cd doesn`t boot automatically you will need to enter in BIOS Setup - Boot - Boot device Priority, and select cd/dvd unit, save settings and pc will restart. If cd still doesn`t boot when you restart pc press one of the keys  F8 / F11 / F12 to activate boot menu, select cd/dvd unit and hit enter. 

Windows will ask you to press any key to boot from cd, press Enter again and be ready because immediately a blue screen will appear and bellow a message "Press F6 if you need to install a third-party SCSI or RAID driver". When you see that message press F7 fast. Is very important to press when you see the message "Press F6 if you need to install a third-party SCSI or RAID driver" because if you press later, setup will not recognize F7 command anymore. 

Windows automatically disables the installation of the ACPI HAL and installs the Standard PC HAL. 

Second way to do this is to Manually install the Standard PC hardware abstraction layer (HAL). To prevent Windows XP from automatically determining the system HAL during the upgrade or the installation of Windows XP, you can manually force in a system HAL. To force in a system Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) during an upgrade or installation of Windows XP:  
During the Text-mode phase of the Setup program, when you receive the following message "Press F6 if you have to install a third-party SCSI or RAID driver." across the bottom of the screen, press F5. 
The screen displays only two computer types at a time. To scroll up or down to view the complete list, use the arrow keys.

  2 - This method require some attention. 

If you already tried method no1 and your pc still display that error or another error you will need to verify your pc components. Often error "The BIOS in this system is not fully ACPI compliant" can be cause by your Hard Disk or your RAM memory. What you can do about ? 
First, if you have 2 or more Ram memory replace by turn one of them and restart your pc. If error still appear replace your hard disk and try install on the new hard drive your favourite operating system. 


Generally, BIOS doesn`t need update because bios systems are build to work many years and the error might be caused by another malfunction of your pc. In this article i presented only 3 of them.

Hope this will help you ! Leave your feedback in comments area. Thank you for your visit !
Airtech "simple is the best" - follow us on Facebook , Twitter or Youtube for more info / tutorials / tricks and tips !

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Wireless Laptop Switch Quick Fix

If your laptop wireless switch stops to work one day. There is an answer. The answer is really simple.
Most laptops have a hardware switch which disables the wireless card. More than once, I've come across a laptop which has had that switch either broken or broken off. The obvious solution would be to fix the switch, but that involves opening every screw on the laptop to get access to the motherboard, just to solder two small points. There is a huge potential of breaking something important in the process. So honestly, it wasn't worth the effort to open it up. So I started looking up how the wireless card is actually turned off and on using the switch.

1)First you need to know what kind of wireless pci device you have.
Is it Mini-PCI o mini PCI-Express.

2)    A)  This fix, applies to MiniPCI wireless cards only. Pin # 13 controls the "silent RF" mode. That is what most hardware switch activate in order to turn off your wireless. You'll notice that while you lose your internet connection when the switch is turned off, your hardware is still visible in device manager. The solution is to take your wireless card out, and apply a small amount of tape over just pin #13, and put it back in. That's it. Your wireless card will always see the hardware switch as being turned on. You can still disable the wireless using Fn+f2 or whatever the hotkey is for your laptop.
This is pic of mini-PCI.

http://s5.tinypic.com/mjbfwh.jpg

    B)    For mini-PCI Express, it is pin #20, which is responsible for the same function (also active low). It is located on the underside of the board, second pin from the notch toward the side with more pins.
This is a pic of Mini-PCI Express.



Do this and you will have a permanent wireless card, that's always enable.  I hope this helps someone else as this took me hours to figure out.
Mine was Realtek Mini-PCI Express and it worked perfectly.

Enjoy :)

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Compare and check High speed Internet in your area

Just found about a good place to check your high speed Internet in your area. Most of the time we hear about 1-2 Internet providers. But there are more out there. Check This place and see what offers are in you area. Best thing is Free of Charge for just checking. FYI.

www.broadbandexpert.com

About Broadband Expert

Broadband Expert is part of Richweb Media LLC, a privately owned company specializing in consumer advice and price comparison websites. Broadband Expert is independent of all Internet providers and mobile broadband providers and aims to give a no nonsense guide to choosing the right service for your Internet needs at the lowest price.
At Broadband Expert we:
* Research Internet providers and mobile broadband providers to help you see the true cost including any hidden extras
* Compare mobile broadband and high speed Internet services by download limits, speeds, set up fee, first year cost and minimum contract
* Advise the type of usage each package is suitable for
* Provide information on broadband and related subjects to help you chose the right service for your needs
* Are always looking to provide you with free tools such as our broadband speed test.

Anyways this is a good place to compare, verify and get the best deal for your Internet(ISP).

Enjoy :)

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Dell Latitude D600 "A DISK READ ERROR OCURRED. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart"

On a Dell Latitude D600 I booted up the system and found out this morning that a "DISK READ ERROR OCURRED ... Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart" ... error came up. I read a bunch of blogs about his usse and after a couple of attempts , I found the answer.

"A disk read error occurred" can be cause by different things, like MBR has corrupted, or the MOBO (motherboard) doesn't recognize it and/ or HDD just failed.

Let's try some command to see if it works:

1) First boot to windows XP CD and go to the repair option.  In the repair menu select the windows were is installed. Then type "fixboot" and "fixmbr".

If unit still doesn't work, jumped to the next conclusion.

2) So I had installed a replacement 250GB Western Digital drive, while the BIOS has a 137GB limitation. The drive worked fine for a while, but then stopped. I would have liked to update the BIOS to a newer one without the limitation, but the floppy drive wasn't cooperating. Instead, I booted from a Linux live CD and used gparted to resize the boot partition on the hard drive to 130GB, below the 137GB limit. If gparted doesn't work, try Acronis 2009 Disk Director (you will need to buy it). At that point the computer booted normally from the hard disk again. It's a pretty simple and logical explanation for what was causing the problem, but it took a long time to find the right answer
.
Here's a link for Acronis Disk Director, if you want to buy it.  Acronis Disk Director V11 Home

Hope it helps. :)

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Fix MBR in Win XP

How to fix MBR in Windows XP:

What is the MBR? MBR stands for Master Boot Record and it’s the first sector of your hard drive that basically tells the BIOS where to look for the operating system on your computer.

If, for any reason, the MBR becomes damaged or corrupt, then the operating system will be unable to load.

Corruption is definitely not fun, especially if you are not familiar with computers. Most people would automatically assume their computers are dead! However, that’s not true. Being in IT myself, these errors are actually preferably to other types of Windows errors. Why?

Well, it’s actually fairly easy to fix the Master Boot Record in XP and Vista. All you have to do is load up the Recovery Console and run a simple command. All of your data, applications, settings, etc are still intact on the drive and once the MBR is fixed, the computer will load normally.

So how can you repair your damaged MBR? Here are the steps to follow:

1. First, restart your computer with the Windows XP setup disk in the CD drive. If you don’t have your original disk, borrow one or download a ISO image from a torrent site.

2. When prompted, boot from the CD drive by pressing any key. If Windows loads automatically, you will first have to enter the BIOS setup and change the order of the boot devices to start with the CD drive.



3. Once the setup loads, you will see the option to press R to repair a Windows installation.



4. Once the Recovery Console loads up, you will have to type in a number that corresponds to your Windows installation. This is normally just 1. Press Enter and then type in the Administrator Password.



5. Now at the prompt, type in fixmbr. Your damaged MBR will now be replaced with a new master boot record and your computer should now be able to boot properly. Note that you may also want to run the fixboot command to repair the boot sector with a new one.

Also, make sure you only use these commands on a system with one operating system installed. If you have more than one operating system installed, fixmbr and fixboot could mess up everything.

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Windows Boot up issue

Windows 7 is booting up and then it goes directly to the start up repair. After it goes to the startup repair process, Windows cannot fix the issue. Most of the time is cause by a boot file gone corrupt or gone missing.

First: Bootrec.exe

To run the Bootrec.exe tool, you must start Windows RE. To do this, follow these steps:

1. Put the Windows Vista or Windows 7 installation disc in the disc drive, and then start the computer.


2. Press a key when you are prompted.


3. Select a language, a time, a currency, a keyboard or an input method, and then click Next.


4. Click Repair your computer.


5. Click the operating system that you want to repair, and then click Next.


6. In the System Recovery Options dialog box, click Command Prompt.


7. Type Bootrec.exe, and then press ENTER.

Note To start the computer from the Windows Vista or Windows 7 DVD, the computer must be configured to start from the DVD drive. For more information about how to configure the computer to start from the DVD drive, see the documentation that is included with the computer or contact the computer manufacturer.

Second:

Bootrec.exe options
The Bootrec.exe tool supports the following options. Use the option that is appropriate for your situation.

**Note If rebuilding the BCD does not resolve the startup issue, you can export and delete the BCD, and then run this option again. By doing this, you make sure that the BCD is completely rebuilt. To do this, type the following commands at the Windows RE command prompt:

• bcdedit /export C:\BCD_Backup


• c:


• cd boot


• attrib bcd -s -h -r


• ren c:\boot\bcd bcd.old


• bootrec /RebuildBcd

/FixMbr

The /FixMbr option writes a Windows 7 or Windows Vista-compatible MBR to the system partition. This option does not overwrite the existing partition table. Use this option when you must resolve MBR corruption issues, or when you have to remove non-standard code from the MBR.

/FixBoot

The /FixBoot option writes a new boot sector to the system partition by using a boot sector that is compatible with Windows Vista or Windows 7. Use this option if one of the following conditions is true:

• The boot sector has been replaced with a non-standard Windows Vista or Windows 7 boot sector.


• The boot sector is damaged.


• An earlier Windows operating system has been installed after Windows Vista or Windows 7 was installed. In this scenario, the computer starts by using Windows NT Loader (NTLDR) instead of Windows Boot Manager (Bootmgr.exe).

/ScanOs

The /ScanOs option scans all disks for installations that are compatible with Windows Vista or Windows 7. Additionally, this option displays the entries that are currently not in the BCD store. Use this option when there are Windows Vista or Windows 7 installations that the Boot Manager menu does not list.

/RebuildBcd

The /RebuildBcd option scans all disks for installations that are compatible with Windows Vista or Windows 7. Additionally, this option lets you select the installations that you want to add to the BCD store. Use this option when you must completely rebuild the BCD.

Please note, make sure to do the first option. If first option doesn't work, then try the second option.
Hope it helps. Enjoy.

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External Hard Drive suddenly says to format your Hard Drive

External Hard Drive suddenly says to format your Hard Drive:

Most likely your Hard Drive filesystem changed to RAW

There's really not much to explain here.
I woke up this morning and couldn't open my D drive, which holds most if not all of my most important data, and could swear I lost all my files. I ran EasyRecovery and ALL my files were found, which is a relief, but here's the thing ... I don't have the space to recover these files onto another drive, but I can't access the D drive directly because it's ... well, inaccessible.

The filesystem also changed to RAW somehow, and I figured that might be a part of the problem. The drive's properties in device manager & explorer says the drive is working fine, I just can't access it.

Is it possible to make this drive operable again?

First try to do chkdsk /r .

If it doesn't let you because is RAW, You will need to get a Data recovery program. Like GetDataBack.

Get the program and download it. Then install it and run the application. After you have ran the application, Find the Hard Drive with the incorrect settings (RAW) and get all your information.

 

After you have extracted all of your info, you can then try to reformat that hard drive and it should work fine. The put all the info back again.

 

Hope it works. :) 

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Steve Jobs Resigns

Steve Jobs Resigns:

Apple’s Board of Directors today announced that Steve Jobs has resigned as Chief Executive Officer, and the Board has named Tim Cook, previously Apple’s Chief Operating Officer, as the company’s new CEO. Jobs has been elected Chairman of the Board and Cook will join the Board, effective immediately.


“Steve’s extraordinary vision and leadership saved Apple and guided it to its position as the world’s most innovative and valuable technology company,” said Art Levinson, Chairman of Genentech, on behalf of Apple's Board. “Steve has made countless contributions to Apple’s success, and he has attracted and inspired Apple’s immensely creative employees and world class executive team. In his new role as Chairman of the Board, Steve will continue to serve Apple with his unique insights, creativity and inspiration.”

Jobs submitted his resignation to the Board today and strongly recommended that the Board implement its succession plan and name Tim Cook as CEO.   

Apple designs Macs, the best personal computers in the world, along with OS X, iLife, iWork and professional software. Apple leads the digital music revolution with its iPods and iTunes online store. Apple has reinvented the mobile phone with its revolutionary iPhone and App Store, and has recently introduced iPad 2 which is defining the future of mobile media and computing devices.   

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BSOD 0x000000ED

The (Blue Screen of Death) or BSOD 0x000000ED error:

When you experience this kind of issues, most of the time is Hard Drive issues.

1) First Option:
A. The first option to try and get it fix, is booting up from the recovery console (Windows CD) and doing a chkdsk /r.
B. After it finishes type exit and unit will reboot.
C. Boot to Windows normally.

2)Second Option: If first option did not work...
A. Most likely your Hard Drive went out, try to backup your info if you can and get a new Hard Drive like the one displayed here(left side) and reinstall Windows.

Any question or concern let me know~

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Greetings

Hello World:

This is just a quick message of just to inform that we'll try to help any needs of fixing everyday issues with the PC.

Hope you guys like it and come back often.

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It is safe to clean windows prefetch folder and registry folder ?

 It is safe to clean windows prefetch folder and registry folder ? Will this boost Windows operating system capabilities ?
Many of you have asked this question hoping that in this way you will optimize Windows performance and the internet is full of articles about this subject but none conclusively.

In the following we analyze and we will answer to this question. 

What is Windows Prefetch ?

Windows Prefetch is a subfolder of the Windows system folder (typically \Windows\Prefetch). It is a component of the Memory Manager that speeds up the Windows boot process, and shortens the amount of time it takes to start up programs. Each time you turn on your computer, Windows keeps track of the way your computer starts and which programs you commonly open. The next time you turn on your computer, Windows refers to these files to help speed the start process. In Windows Vista, SuperFetch and ReadyBoost extend upon the prefetcher and attempt to accelerate application and boot launch times respectively by monitoring and adapting to usage patterns over periods of time and loading the majority of the files and data needed by them into memory so that they can be accessed very quickly when needed.  

The Prefetcher's configuration is stored in the Windows Registry at HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management\PrefetchParameters. 

The EnablePrefetcher value can set to be one of the following :

- 0 = Disabled 

- 1 = Application launch prefetching enabled 

- 2 = Boot prefetching enabled 

- 3 = Applaunch and Boot enabled (Optimal and Default) 

*** The recommended value is 3 ! 

It is safe to clean prefetch folder ? 

Yes is safe to clean if you wish but is not recommended to do this especially if you have a low performance pc. Windows maintains no more than 128 entries in the Prefetch folder.

Cleaning prefetch folder will speed up Windows and increase performance ?

NO, because Windows will need to re-create all the prefetch files again, thereby slowing down Windows during boot and program starts until the prefetch files are created.

What is Windows Registry ?

Windows Registry is a hierarchical database that stores configuration settings and options on Microsoft Windows operating systems. It contains settings for low-level operating system components as well as the applications running on the platform: the kernel, device drivers, services, SAM, user interface and third party applications all make use of the registry. The registry also provides a means to access counters for profiling system performance. The Windows registry can be edited manually: open run command WINDOWS+R and type REGEDIT.

The registry contains two basic elements: keys and values. 

Registry keys are similar to folders — in addition to values, each key can contain subkeys, which may contain further subkeys, and so on. Keys are referenced with a syntax similar to Windows' path names, using backslashes to indicate levels of hierarchy. Each subkey has a mandatory name which is a non-empty string that cannot contain any backslash or null character, and whose letter case is insignificant. 

Registry values are name/data pairs stored within keys. Registry values are referenced separately from registry keys. All registry values stored in a registry key have a unique name whose letter case is not significant. The Windows API functions that query and manipulate registry values take value names separately from the key path and/or handle that identifies the parent key. Registry values may contain backslashes in their name but doing so makes them difficult to distinguish from their key paths when using some legacy Windows Registry API functions (whose usage is deprecated in Win32). 

It is safe to clean Registry folder ? 

The answer is complicated, is a good thing to remove junk, corrupted documents or unncessary registry files but is not 100% safe if you dont know for sure what you are about to delete. Many people including myself recommend to use registry cleaners. You have to be carefully when you choose what registry cleaner to use because you can end with a pc full of errors. Best free and 99.99% safe product on the internet is Ccleaner from Piriform. 

Cleaning Registry folder will speed up Windows and increase performance ? 

Cleaning registry files will slightly improve your computer performance rather improve system stability. compatibility and good functionality over the time preventing errors. Airtech advise: use ccleaner once a week to keep clean your Windows pc. 

Hope this article will answer your needs and look forward for your feedback ! Thank you for stopping by and if you like AIRTECH dont forget to subscribe for more useful information, also visit my youtube channel for high quality tutorials. 

Airtech "simple is the best" !

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XEN images mount -block device

some brief:- A server with centos contain 10 Virtual machines, (xen virtual machine), i planned to migrate xen to KVM.

All VM run under LVM partition. So i start 1 vm and update kernel (non-xen kernel) and do the changes under grup.conf to make sure VM will boot under non xen kernel. After that system restart, after restart i realized i need some conf file..but this time system unable to boot.

So here i did some chnages in VM, to make boot under xen kernel.

here are the steps.

#fdisk -l /dev/vmImage/my1sqmail01

#kpartx -a /dev/vmImage/my1sqmail01

#ls -l /dev/mapper/

#mount -o rw /dev/mapper/my1sqmail01p1 /opt

#cd /opt/

#vi grub/grub.conf

here i change boot order make sure system boot under xen kernel..and save file.

#umount /opt

#kpartx -d /dev/vmImage/sgd1sqmail01


now run your VM and enjoyee..

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yum: rpm is not signed

#yum install pgadmin3*

at last message, rpm not signed.


Resolution:-

edit /etc/yum.conf

replace gpgcheck=1 to gpgcheck=0

Save file then again run yum command.

Packages installed successfully.

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LVM mount steps (img + LVM)

[root@inf1basevm01 ~]# fdisk -lu /dev/VmImage/globe1

Disk /dev/VmImage/globe1: 26.8 GB, 26843545600 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3263 cylinders, total 52428800 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/VmImage/globe1p1 * 63 208844 104391 83 Linux
/dev/VmImage/globe1p2 208845 52420094 26105625 8e Linux LVM


[root@inf1basevm01 ~]# kpartx -av /dev/VmImage/globe1
add map globe1p1 : 0 208782 linear /dev/VmImage/globe1 63
add map globe1p2 : 0 52211250 linear /dev/VmImage/globe1 208845


[root@inf1basevm01 ~]# vgscan
Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while...
Found volume group "VolGroup00" using metadata type lvm2
Found volume group "VmImage" using metadata type lvm2
Found volume group "system" using metadata type lvm2


[root@inf1basevm01 ~]# vgchange -ay VolGroup00
2 logical volume(s) in volume group "VolGroup00" now active

[root@inf1basevm01 ~]# lvs
LogVol00 VolGroup00 -wi-a- 22.94G
LogVol01 VolGroup00 -wi-a- 1.94G

[root@inf1basevm01 mnt]# mount /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 /mnt
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 looks like swapspace - not mounted
mount: you must specify the filesystem type

[root@inf1basevm01 mnt]# mount /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 /mnt
[root@inf1basevm01 mnt]# cd /mnt/
[root@inf1basevm01 mnt]# ls
app dev lib media net proc selinux tmp var
bin etc lib64 misc opt root srv u01
boot home lost+found mnt poweroff sbin sys usr


#######################################################################################
cd /var/lib/xen/images/
umount /mnt/sandbox/
lomount -diskimage B1web1.img -partition 1 /mnt/sandbox
vi /mnt/sandbox/grub/grub.conf
umount /mnt/sandbox/

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NTP Server setup + client setup

NTP Server

Steps to install NTP server.
# yum install ntp
Then sync server with 0.rhel.pool.ntp.org, to obtain accurate time data.
After that Open /etc/ntp.conf
Make sure the following line exits:
restrict default ignore
This will deny all access to any machine, server or client.

If this server is also going to provide time for other computers, such as PCs, other Linux servers and networking devices, then you'll have to define the networks from which this server will accept NTP synchronization requests. You do so with a modified restrict statement removing the noquery keyword to allow the network to query your NTP server. The syntax is:

restrict 10.65.136.128 mask 255.255.255.128 nomodify notrap

At last you need to server value like this
server 10.23.14.30
(my local time server all device sync with this
devices or you can use public server for date time.)


NTP Started

# chkconfig ntpd on
# service ntpd start

NTP – Client Setup
For client setup make sure rpm installed.
# yum install ntp
Open ntp.conf file and disable all public server just add a new line like below
server 10.65.136.154
Save the file and exit. The run ntpdate command to sync with your ntp server.
[root@tc1oltp1 ~]# ntpdate 10.65.136.154

29 Mar 21:39:03 ntpdate[15974]: adjust time server 10.65.136.154 offset 0.000039 sec

Now make sure services on at boot time.
[root@tc1oltp1 ~]# chkconfig ntpd on
[root@tc1oltp1 ~]# /etc/init.d/ntpd start

Starting ntpd: [ OK ]



Verifying NTP is Running

[root@tc1oltp1 ~]# pgrep ntpd
16099

Use the ntpq command to see the servers with which you are synchronized. It provided you with a list of configured time servers and the delay, offset and jitter

[root@tc1oltp1 ~]# ntpq -p
remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter
==============================================================================
*tc1tools1.myserver LOCAL(0) 11 u 41 64 17 0.514 -0.473 0.461
LOCAL(0) .LOCL. 10 l 38 64 17 0.000 0.000 0.001



Firewall port open at server end add following lines

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -p udp --dport 123 -j ACCEPT

save and restart iptables.

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Adobe Photoshop CS5 Error 16 , Adobe Photoshop CS5 Error 7

When you install Adobe Photoshop CS5 you might get some errors. In case you get one you will see a code and a little description. Is very important to remember your error code so you can fix the problem. In this article i will provide answer for 2 common and often errors.

Adobe Photoshop CS5 Error 16 

1. Choose Start > Computer > Organize > Folder And Search Options, and then click the View tab.
2. In the Advanced Settings section, deselect the Use Sharing Wizard (Recommended) option and click OK.
3. Navigate to \Program Files\Common Files\Adobe\.
4. Right-click the Adobe PCD folder and choose Properties.
5. In the Attributes section, deselect Read-Only, click Apply, and then click OK.
6. In the Security tab, make sure that Administrators and System are listed and permissions for security are set to Full Control. 

If not, do the following:
 

1. Click Edit.
2. If the User Account Control (UAC) elevation prompt appears, then follow the instructions to accept it.
3. Make the necessary changes.
7. Click Advanced.
8. In the Owner tab, click Edit and accept the UAC elevation prompt if it appears.
9. In the Change Owners Section, click Administrators.
10. Select the Replace Owner On Subcontainers and Objects option and then click Apply.
11. In the Permissions tab, click Edit and accept the UAC elevation prompt if it appears.
12. Select Replace Permission Entries On All Child Objects With Entries Shown Here That Apply To Child Objects.
13. Click OK and Yes until you have closed the FLEXnet Properties dialog box.
14. Launch your Adobe application.

 Adobe Photoshop CS5 Error 7

Unable to install Adobe CS5 getting error Exit Code 7. Conflict with Administrator rights.

SOLUTION: Enabled Default Admin Account and able to install Adobe CS5 and Acrobat Reader in default admin account.

Steps to enable Default Administrator Account: 

1. Type the following command:
net user administrator /active:yes 

2. You should see a message that the command completed successfully. Log out, and you’ll now see the Administrator account as a choice. 

3. Install Adobe Photoshop not by using double click or enter, instead of that do right click on Adobe Photoshop setup and choose "Run as administrator". 

4. Install the program and after disable Administrator Account. 

Steps to disable Default Administrator Account:

1. Make sure you are logged on as your regular user account, and then open an administrator mode command prompt as above. Type
the following command: net user administrator /active:no
2. The administrator account will now be disabled.

HOPE THIS HELP YOU ! Thank you for your visit ! 

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DNS setup in Redhat 5.5 64bit

when i try to resolve ip it working fine

[root@tc1dns1 internal]# nslookup 10.65.136.137
Server: 10.65.136.143
Address: 10.65.136.143#53

137.136.65.10.in-addr.arpa name = tc1oltpdb2.mydomian.


But when i try to resolve named it showing me below error.


[root@tc1dns1 internal]# nslookup tc1oltpdb2.mydomainf
Server: 10.65.136.143
Address: 10.65.136.143#53

** server can't find tc1oltpdb2.mydomain: NXDOMAIN



Resolution:-

Problem in my named.conf

zone "new.mydomain." IN {
type master;
file "data/internal/mydomain.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};



in zone line i used new.mydomain but in file using just mydomain...so match the same setting save the file ..restart the servcie.


[root@tc1dns1 internal]# /etc/init.d/named restart
Stopping named: [ OK ]
Starting named: [ OK ]
[root@tc1dns1 internal]# nslookup tc1oltpdb2.mydomain
Server: 10.65.136.143
Address: 10.65.136.143#53

Name: tc1oltpdb2.mydomain
Address: 10.65.136.137


working fine.

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RPM uninstall problem in RedHat

Error :-- specifies multiple packages

rpm -e pkg-name
error: "pkg-name" specifies multiple packages


Resolution

rpm -e --allmatches pkg-name

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Local yum repository setup under Redhat 5.5

RedHat 5.5 64bit local yum repo repository

1st of all copy all media under httpd dir..here in my example i copied under

/var/www/html/ with the name redhatdvd dir.

After that run your web service httpd. check on your local browser you able to browse dir on not...or you can use command tool for url testing.

#links 10.65.136.183/redhatdvd === must reslove


After that go to any client machine whcih you want to update from this local yum repo.

login on system with root user.Then create a file with following entry.

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

[dir1]
name=Redhat
baseurl=http://10.65.136.183/redhatdvd/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

[dir2]
name=Redhat
baseurl=http://10.65.136.183/redhatdvd/VT
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[dir3]
name=Redhat
baseurl=http://10.65.136.183/redhatdvd/Cluster
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[dir4]
name=Redhat
baseurl=http://10.65.136.183/redhatdvd/ClusterStorage
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0


Save the file.

And clean everything.

[root@tc1bas1 ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
Cleaning up Everything


After that you can add,search any packages through YUM with complete dependencies resolve.

[root@tc1bas1 ~]# yum search libvirt
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
dir1 | 1.3 kB 00:00
dir1/primary | 868 kB 00:00
dir1 3116/3116
dir2 | 1.3 kB 00:00
dir2/primary | 19 kB 00:00
dir2 71/71
dir3 | 1.3 kB 00:00
dir3/primary | 6.1 kB 00:00
dir3 32/32
dir4 | 1.3 kB 00:00
dir4/primary | 8.9 kB 00:00
dir4 39/39
============================== Matched: libvirt ===============================
libcmpiutil.i386 : CMPI Utility Library
libcmpiutil.x86_64 : CMPI Utility Library
libcmpiutil-devel.i386 : Libraries, includes, etc. to use the CMPI utility
: library
libcmpiutil-devel.x86_64 : Libraries, includes, etc. to use the CMPI utility
: library




IMP:-- Some time you face problem with web-server not able to resolve URL.
the killer is IPTABLES...so make sure your firewall turn off or allow the traffic.

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Installing OpenWRT on WZR-HP-G300NH with DD-WRT

After many tries with tftp ..finally decided with DD-WRT.

So here are the steps which i follow.

Go this this link and download new firware specifically for this router &can be flashed from the GUI
http://dd-wrt.com/site/support/router-database

and download buffalo_to_ddwrt_webflash-MULTI.bin approx size 13MB


After that open firefox to launch 192.168.11.1 web based Interface (default ip address for Buffalo WZR-HP-G300NH) to update firware.


default login root without any password.

After that go under Setup here you can see update firmware option upload here the download firware and apply..it takes 5-10 min to finish upload.


Now change your system ip 192.168.11.** to 192.168.1.** , after that you must able to reach 192.168.1.1

Now open GUI interfacae with 192.168.1.1 and set root password here and enable telnet Session.

Once telnet session open, go to command prompt and telent 192.168.1.1 like this

[raman@inf1sysadm1 ~]$ telnet 192.168.1.1
Trying 192.168.1.1...
Connected to 192.168.1.1.
Escape character is '^]'.

DD-WRT v24-sp2 std (c) 2010 NewMedia-NET GmbH
Release: 08/07/10 (SVN revision: 14896)

DD-WRT login: root
Password:
==========================================================

____ ___ __ ______ _____ ____ _ _
| _ \| _ \ \ \ / / _ \_ _| __ _|___ \| || |
|| | || ||____\ \ /\ / /| |_) || | \ \ / / __) | || |_
||_| ||_||_____\ V V / | _ < | | \ V / / __/|__ _|
|___/|___/ \_/\_/ |_| \_\|_| \_/ |_____| |_|

DD-WRT v24-sp2
http://www.dd-wrt.com

==========================================================


BusyBox v1.13.4 (2010-08-07 02:52:32 CEST) built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.

root@DD-WRT:~#


After that make sure Internet working on your router, enable WAN setting.

root@DD-WRT:~# ping yahoo.com
PING yahoo.com (69.147.125.65): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 69.147.125.65: seq=0 ttl=45 time=274.427 ms


Now change dir to tmp and download new firmware

root@DD-WRT:/tmp# wget http://downloads.openwrt.org/backfire/10.03.1-rc4/ar71xx/
openwrt-ar71xx-wzr-hp-g300nh-jffs2-tftp.bin
Connecting to downloads.openwrt.org (78.24.191.177:80)
openwrt-ar71xx-wzr-h 100% |*******************************| 4736k 00:00:00 ETA
root@DD-WRT:/tmp#


After that run below command, to convert ***.bin to .trx to use with mtd.

root@DD-WRT:/tmp# dd if=/tmp/openwrt-ar71xx-wzr-hp-g300nh-jffs2-tftp.bin of=firmware.trx bs=32 skip=1

151552+0 records in
151552+0 records out


Run mtd utility to writes the given file to flash.

root@DD-WRT:/tmp# mtd -r write firmware.trx linux
Unlocking linux ...
Writing from firmware.trx to linux ... [w]
Connection closed by foreign host.


Then wait for router reboot it takes 5-10 min .once done you able to browse new interface with 192.168.1.1

Imp :-

[raman@inf1sysadm1 ~]$ telnet 192.168.1.1
Trying 192.168.1.1...
Connected to 192.168.1.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
=== IMPORTANT ============================
Use 'passwd' to set your login password
this will disable telnet and enable SSH
------------------------------------------

here use passwd command to set new password after that telent disable and ssh enable.


After that ssh to router

[raman@inf1sysadm1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.1.1 -l root
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is c2:7f:d8:06:91:df:6b:19:4b:4b:07:75:97:0d:4f:42.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.1' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.1.1's password:
root@OpenWrt:/etc/config#


Some command which run

root@OpenWrt:/tmp/opkg-lists# opkg update
root@OpenWrt:/tmp/opkg-lists# opkg install openswan

you can use web interface as well 192.168.1.1

useful link:-

http://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/buffalo/wzr-hp-g300h#problem.with.japanese.version.locked.u-boot
http://dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Buffalo_WZR-HP-G300NH

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Download Winamp best skins collection, Winamp tutorial

Airtech Productions bring you free best 90 Winamp skins collection which you can download free and enjoy !

 About :
 Winamp was first released in 1997, when Justin Frankel and Dmitry Boldyrev integrated their Windows user interface with the "Advanced Multimedia Products" "AMP" MP3 file playback engine.

The minimalist WinAMP 0.20a was released as freeware on 21 April 1997. Its windowless menubar-only interface showed only play (open), stop, pause, and unpause functions. A file specified on the command line or dropped onto its icon would be played. MP3 decoding was performed by the AMP decoding engine by Tomislav Uzelac, which was free for non-commercial use.

WinAMP 0.92 was released as a freeware in May 1997. Within the standard Windows frame and menubar, it had the beginnings of the "classic" Winamp GUI: dark gray rectangle with silver 3D-effect transport buttons, a red/green volume slider, time displayed in a green LED font, with trackname, MP3 bitrate and "mixrate" in green. There was no position bar, and a blank space where the spectrum analyzer and waveform analyzer would later appear. Multiple files on the command line or dropped onto its icon were enqueued in the playlist.

Winamp is a media player for Windows-based PCs and Android devices, written by Nullsoft, now a subsidiary of AOL. It is proprietary freeware/shareware, multi-format, extensible with plug-ins and skins, and is noted for its graphical sound visualization, playlist, and media library features. Winamp was released by Justin Frankel in 1997, and its popularity grew quickly, along with the developing trend of MP3 file-sharing.

Winamp supports music playback using MP3, MIDI, MOD, MPEG-1 audio layers 1 and 2, AAC, M4A, FLAC, WAV and WMA. Winamp was one of the first common music players on Windows to support playback of Ogg Vorbis by default. It supports gapless playback for MP3 and AAC, and Replay Gain for volume leveling across tracks. CD support includes playing and import music from audio CDs, optionally with CD-Text, and burning music to CDs. The standard version limits maximum burn speed and datarate; the "Pro" version removes these limitations.

Winamp supports playback of Windows Media Video and Nullsoft Streaming Video. For MPEG Video, AVI and other unsupported video types, Winamp uses Microsoft's DirectShow API for playback, allowing playback of most of the video formats supported by Windows Media Player. 5.1 Surround sound is supported where formats and decoders allow.

Skins are bitmap files which alter the aesthetic design of the Winamp graphical user interface (GUI) and can add functionality, with scripting. Winamp published documentation on skin creation in 1998 with the release of Winamp 2, and invited Winamp users to publish skins on Winamp.com. As of 2000 there were nearly 3000 Winamp skins available. The ability to use skins contributed to Winamp's popularity early in MP3 development. With the increasing number of available skins, genres or categories of skins developed, such as 'Stereo,' 'Anime,' and 'Ugly'. Online communities of skin designers such as 1001Skins.com and Skinz.org have contributed thousands of designs.Designers see skins as an opportunity to be creative: nontraditional examples have included Klingon, iPod, and Etch-a-sketch designs.

The Winamp skin format is the most popular, the most commonly adopted by other media player software, and is usable across platforms. One example is the XMMS player for Linux and Unix systems, which can use unmodified Winamp 2 skin files.

Winamp 5 supports two types of skins "classic" skins designed to Winamp 2 specifications (static collections of bitmap images), and more flexible, freeform "modern" skins per the Winamp 3 specification. Modern skins support true alpha channel transparency, scripting control, a docked toolbar, and other innovations to the user interface.

Download free AIRTECH Winamp skins collection HERE !

For requesting a tutorial about your favourite program / application just leave me a message in comment section ! 

Thank you and dont forget to subscribe to my channel for the latest tutorials !

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